Navigating disputes in the workplace can be challenging for both employees and employers. Employment tribunals are a critical aspect of employment law in the UK, providing a platform for resolving workplace disputes fairly and legally. In this blog, we will explore what an employment tribunal is, the types of cases it covers, and how Pre-Law can support you through the process.
Understanding Employment Tribunals
An employment tribunal is a specialist court that deals with disputes between employers and employees. Unlike traditional courts, tribunals are less formal, making the process more accessible and focused on employment-related matters. Tribunals are independent bodies, ensuring fairness and impartiality in resolving disputes.
The role of an employment tribunal is to hear evidence from both sides, consider legal arguments, and deliver a binding decision. The aim is to ensure that justice is served and that employment law is upheld.
Types of Employment Tribunal Cases
Employment tribunals cover a wide range of workplace disputes. Here are some of the most common types of cases:
1. Unfair Dismissal
One of the most frequently raised issues in employment law, unfair dismissal occurs when an employer terminates an employee without a valid reason or without following proper procedures.
2. Discrimination
Workplace discrimination is illegal under the Equality Act 2010. Employees can bring a claim if they believe employers treated them unfairly due to characteristics such as age, gender, disability, race, religion, or sexual orientation.
3. Redundancy Disputes
While redundancy is sometimes necessary, it must be carried out fairly. Employees may claim if they feel the process was discriminatory, unfair, or failed to follow the correct legal steps.
4. Wage and Holiday Pay Disputes
Employees can bring disputes over unpaid wages, holiday pay, or illegal deductions from wages to an employment tribunal. Employers must pay employees correctly and on time.
5. Breach of Contract
If an employer or employee fails to honour the terms of a contract, it can lead to a claim. Common examples include unpaid bonuses or not giving proper notice of termination.
6. Whistleblowing
Whistleblowing laws protect employees who report illegal or unethical practices within a company. Claims can arise if an employee faces unfair treatment or dismissal after making a disclosure.
How Employment Tribunals Work
The tribunal process begins when a claimant (the employee) submits a claim to the tribunal office. This is followed by the employer (the respondent) receiving a copy of the claim and providing a response. If the case proceeds, it may involve the following steps:
- Preliminary Hearing: To establish the facts and decide if the case should go forward.
- Mediation: An opportunity to resolve the dispute without a formal hearing.
- Tribunal Hearing: A formal session where both sides present evidence and witnesses, and a judge or panel delivers a verdict.
At Pre-Law, we provide clear, fixed-fee legal support for employment tribunal claims. Whether you’re an employee or employer, we’ll guide you through each stage – from submitting your claim or response to preparing for hearings – ensuring you understand your rights and options at every step.